Electric heating device.



P. M. VOGEL. ELECTRIC HEATING DEVICE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 15, 1912.

1,1 28,081 Patented Feb. 9, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1. 3.9 t.

I o o M w w Wit messes: f 3 inventor;

Frederick TTIVCSBI,

Hisfittorngg.

F. M. VOGEL. ELECTRIC HEATING DEVICE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 15,1912.

Patented Feb. 9, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Inventor": Frederick ITLVU B L WM His fittorne g.

, such as matrix-drying.

UNITED, STATES PATENTQ summer: it. VOGEL, or. PITTSFIELD,missacnuszr'rs," nssreiqon roemmm ELECTRIC COMPANY, a'conroaarro ror NEWYQBK.'-'- a ELECTRIC Brianne DEVICE.

Specification of Letters Patent. t t d Feb 1915! Application filedJ'imelfi, 1912." may. 7os,7ea.'

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK M. VoGEL, a citizen of the United States,residing at Pittsfield, Massachusetts, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Electric Heating Devices, of which'the followingis a specification.

My invention relates to electric h eating 7 devices and moreparticularly to devices of As is well known, the matrix drying operationtakes place immediately following the pressing of the damp matrixagainst the type form. The drieris mounted in the press, the type formis placed on top of it and over the type form are placed blankets.

Means are provided for applying pressure to the matrix and the blanketsabsorb the moisture arising from the same during the drying operation.It is highly important in newspaper work that this operation beaccomplished in a brief time.- Every second between the time that thecontents of the paper have been determined and that when the paper isready for sale is extremely valuable, and to shorten the time requiredfor the various operations entering into the printing of the paper hasbeen the constant endeavor of newspaper publishers.

It has been the common practice to utilize steam for drying I thematrix. The time taken in drying the matrix in this way is necessarilygreater than, that taken in drying it-by othersuch as electrical meansbecause the temperature which can be obtained by-means of steam iscomparatively low. More time is also necessary in the case of steam tobring the apparatus to a working temperature- However, steam heating hasbeen adhered'to on account of its safety. The type being in .contactwiththe matrix, if the temperature of the heating device shouldriseiabovethe fusing point of the said type it isapparent that thetypewould be destroyed. This would of course occasion great delay. Thefact that electric resistance heating units are apt owing to shortcircuits and to fluctuations of the line voltage, to become undulyheated and thus unduly raise the temperature of that part of the drierwhich the unit is located has county of Berkshire, State of:

that character which are used in operations prevented 'th'e' electricalheating means from coming into more general use. 7 Where the saidelectrical hea ingmeans has been used it'T'has not'been possible to usevery high temperatures or very much electrical energy because aconsiderable'factor of safety had to be allowed. 1 I

v Th'ezobjec't of my invention is to produce an electric matrix drier by'means'of which a much higher temperature may be utilized than in steamdriers and which will be so equipped with temperature controlling meansthat anydanger from'such higher temperature will be obviated.

A further-object of my invention is to produce a device of the aforesaidnature which will not be rendered useless on account of the breakingdown of the heating means in apart of the same and thus to preventpossible loss of place such part.

A further object of my invention is to produce a device which may besubstituted for the devices ofthis kind which are in common use, such asthe steam drying means, substantially without changing the presses inwhich these devices are used so that, should it become impossible toutilize the electric heating means on account of a cessation in thesupply of current or because of the devices getting out of order, itwill be possible to utilize a steam or other well known drier.

I attain the above stated objects by means of a drier comprising aframethe upper surface of which is of the proper shape to receive the typeform and the lower surface of which contains a plurality of electricheating units. The said heating units are preferably arrangedsubstantially in parallel so that if a small number of the same areshort circuits time necessary to re-- said portion be too high, the fusewill blow thus cutting the said units out of circuit and allowing thetemperature to fall.

In order to control the temperature of the device as a whole I utilizethermostatic deices which will open the supply circuit upon theoccurrence of an abnormal temperature and preferably inconnection withthese devices I employ means for indicating by signals the condition ofthe apparatus.

prefer to utilize two thermostatic devices set at slightly differenttemperatures for controlling the circuit breakers of the device sothatif one fails to operate, the other will do so. In the circuit of thethermostatic de vice which is set at the lower temperature I include anincandescent lamp, preferably white. In the -circuit of the highertemperature device, I include a red lamp. As long as the white lamp isburning the device is operating within safe limits. The red light onlyburns momentarily when the higher temperature device is brought intooperation. In order to further safeguard the device I employ anadditional indicating thermostatic device whichwill give an audiblesignal when a predetermined temperature hasbeen reached.

, Various thermostatic devices may be employed for the purposes abovestated but I prefer to employ devices comprising thermometer tubes whichare preferably set in the frame of the drier. In these thermometertubesare mounted contacts which are included inthe circuits of therelays which control the circuit breaking devices. The upper contact ofone of the thermometer tubes'is set a little higher than that of theother and the relay circuits of the thermomieter tubes are so connectedthat, upon the failure of the lower temperature device to operate, theother device will operate and will operate at such time only.

My invention will be more clearly under- ';stood after reference to theaccompanying drawing in which Figurel is a transverse vertical sectionof drier plate; Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view p'artly brokenaway; Fig. 3is a front elevation of a press in which my device may be mounted; Fig.l is a diagrammatic View showing the drier, its supply circuit and thecircuits for the various protective de vices comprised in the apparatus.l In the drawing 1 is a frame which may bea machined casting. The uppersurface 2 of the said frame is preferably flat. The bottom surface'ofthe said frame is divided into a plurality of recesses by means of alongitudinal rib 3 and transverse ribs 1. Within the said recesses aredetachably mounted electrical heat resistance units 5. These units asshown in Fig. 2 comprise punched resistance stri are preferably composeof high resistance s .6. These strips,

lating material such as mica preferably in.

the form of sheets 8. The said units are fastened to the studs 9projecting from the bottom ofthe drier frame by means of nuts 10. Alarge number of units is preferably used. I have shown in the drawing adrier equipped with thirty-six units. Electric current is supplied tothe said units through the bars 11 whic are preferably mountedin'an'oifset portion 12 of the frame. Connection is made from anexternal source of energy to said bars through conductors passingthrough the conduit 13 which is connected detachably to the box 14mountedupon the upper surface of the drier frame. Connected to the bars11 and extending transversely of the frame are the conductors 15.Connected to the said conductors and extending longitudinally of-theframe are the conductors 16 and 17. The conductors 15 are located in achannel formed at the end of the frame while the conductors 16, 17 arelocated in channels extending longitudinally of the frame and thearrangement may be such that each of the conductors 16 and 17 supplyhalf of the heating units. Suitable insulation 18 which may be sheetmica is placed between the top of conducting bars 11, 15, 16 and 17 andthe under surface of the frame. On each side of the channels in whichare located the conductors 16, 17 are located the heating units 5. Thereare thus two sections of the same which are connected in parallel. Eachof the sections is divided into nine groups of two each. The groups areconnected in parallel to the conductors 16 and 17. The units composingeach group are connected in series by means of fusible strips 18' whichare preferably of zinc. Insulating blocks 19 serve to insulate thestrips 18 from the conductors 16 or 17 and are cut away so as to allowconnection with the terminals 20 and 21 of the units with the saidconductors. The said parts are preferably covered by theinsulating'strips 22 which preferably extend the entire length of thelongitudinal channels and are held in place by means of clamps 23 whichare detachably fastened to the ribs of the frame by screws 24.

Should the temperature in any part of the matrix drier abnormallyincrease for any reason, the fuses 18 connecting the units which arelocated in' that particular part of the drier will blow. This will.obviate the danger without substantially interfering with the operationof the apparatus as a whole. The structure is such that a defective unitmay be readily removed and a perfect one substituted therefor.

Preferably at one side of the frame and extending almost to the middleline thereof are three holes in which are located three thermostaticthermometer tubes-25,26 and cally in Fig. 4 the thermometer are providedwith conductors 28 and 29, .30 and 31 respectively, leading from thesame. These'conduct'ors as-shown in Fig. 2 are connected to the bindingposts 32 and 33,

From the said bind- 34 and 35' respectively. ing posts conductors leadthrough conduit 39. These conductors are indicated in Fi 4 as 36, 37 and38. The conductor 36 is connected to one terminal of the battery 40.

The other terminal of said battery is connected to the solenoid 41 ofany suitable double pole switch. The conductor 37 is connected to theother terminal of the said solenoid. Within the solenoid 41 is the core42'to which is attached the bars 43, 44 by means of insulating post 44'.:When the core, is in its normal position the said bars bridge contacts45 and 46 respectively. The conduct-or 38' leads from the upper contactof thermometer 26 to one terminal of the battery 47. The other terminalof the said battery is connected to one of the contacts 45. Connected tothe other contact is' solenoid 48 which in turn is connected toconductor 37. The solenoid 48 when energized is adapted to elevate thecore 49 to which is attached the conducting bars 50' and 51 by means ofthe insulating post 52. The bar 50 in the normal position of theapparatus bridges contacts 53 while bar 51 is out of contact with 54.

Current is supplied to the heating units through=mains 55 upon throwingthe switch 56. The" contactors A and B having shunt windings 57 and 58are located in the mains.

, To the cores 57 and 58 of the contactors are attached bars 59 and 60which are adapted upon being elevated by their respective solenoids tobridge contacts 61 and 62 respectively. The solenoids 57 and 58 d inseries are connected with one of the terminals 46. The other of theterminals 46 is connected to one of the terminals 53 and the" otherterminal 53 is connected to one of the mains. Four of the heating units5 are shown connected in circuit. The white lamp 63 is connected inshunt with that portion of the circuit on which the heaters are locatedand is adapted to remain lighted while the heaters are in operation. Thered lamp 64 is in shunt with the main line and is adapted to be lightedwhen the conductingv bar 51 bridges the contacts 54.

The showing of parts inFig. 4 is merely It is to be understood that beused where a device is conventionally shown.

temperature same inoperative when the thermostatic de vice 25 has closedthe circuit of the relay 41 and the relay has thusbeen effectivelyenergized. The saidsolenoids are deenergized causing the cores 57 and5'8 to drop thus breaking the supply circuit of the heaters and atthesame time causing the lamp 63 to be extinguished. After the currenthas-been thus cut off, the temperature of the drier will fall rapidly.As soon as the temperature falls below the point for which thethermometer 25 has been set the supply of current to the solenoid 41will be interrupted on account of the battery circuit being broken andthe core 41 will drop causing the contacts 46 to be again bridged. Thiswill cause the solenoids 57, 58 tobe again energized and the heatersupply circuit to be again completed. If for any reason the thermometer25 or related parts do not act properly and the drier reaches thetemperature for which the thermometertube 26 has been set, say 390 F.,the circuit will be completed from the battery 47 through the solenoid48. This will elevate the core 49 thus breaking the circuit of thesolenoids 57 and 58 and causing the supply circuit to be interrupted. Atthe same time the conducting bar 51 will bridge the contacts'54 thuscompleting the circuit in which the red lamp 64 is located. The lightingof this lamp will indicate to the operator that something is wrong withthe system of which the thermometer tube 25 forms a part.

The thermometer tube 27 forms part of an additional thermostaticprotective apparatus. This is of the indicator type as showndiagrammatically in Fig. 4. As will appear from the diagrammatic showingthe and 58 are located and also breaking the.

circuit of the relay 48 and rendering the.

eaters and at the same time the lamp to the other thermometer tubes. Thethermometer tube 27 is preferably connected to the tube 71 extendingthrough the hollow boss-72 upon which are supported the external partsof the indicating device.

The indicating thermometer may be set for a temperature slightly higherthan the other-thermometers. Should the latter fail to perform theirfunctions, the alarm sounded by the indicating thermometer would apprisethe o erator of this fact.

My device may be used in either direct or alternating current systems.The only change which must be made in changing from one of said systemsto the other is in the circuit breakers A and B.

Various modifications may be made in the above described apparatuswithout departing from the spirit of my invention, the scope of which isset forth in the following claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is

1. A device adapted to be used in operations such as matrix dryingcomprising a frame, a plurality of electrical resistance heating unitseach detachably mounted therein, said units being connected in seriesinto groups, said connection comprising a fuse and the said groups beingconnected in parallel.

2. A device adapted to be used inoperations such as matrix dryingcomprising electrical resistance heating units, a thermostatic deviceand a relay controlled thereby for cutting off the current upon theoccurrence of a predetermined temperature, a second thermostatic deviceadapted to cut off the current upon the failure of the first device toact, said latter thermostatic device including means for giving a signalupon its being energized.

3. A device adapted-to be used in operations such as matrix dryingcomprising a frame, a plurality of electrical resistance heating unitsmounted therein, thermostatic devices comprising a pair of thermometertubes mounted in said frame, electrical contacts-in said tubes set atslightly difierent temperatures, relays connected to said contacts foropening the supply circuit to the drier and a supplemental thermostaticdevice mounted in said frame adapted to give a signal when the devicereaches a predetermined temperature.

4. A device to be used in operations such as matrix drying comprising aframe, electric resistance heating units mounted therein, twothermostatic devices set at difierent temperatures for cutting out theheating units, and means operated in response to the actuation of thefirst thermostatic device for rendering the second inoperative.

5. A device to be used in operations such as matrix drying comprising aframe and resistance units mounted therein, means comprising a relay forcontrolling the circuit of said heating devices, means comprising athermostatic device for causing said relay to "open the circuit of theheating units,

means comprising a second thermostatic device for causing said relay toopen the circuit of the heating elements, and means responsive to aneifective actuation of the first means for rendering the secondinoperative.

6'. A device adapted to be used for an operation such as matrix dryingcomprising a plurality of separately connected electric resistanceheating units, in which device variations in temperature are liable tooccur in different parts of the device, means responsive to an abnormaltemperature produced by a limited number of the heating units in aportion of the device for cutting those units out of circuit, and meansresponsive to an abnormal temperature of the device as a whole forcutting ofi' the supply of energy to the entire device.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this eleventh day ofJune, 1912.

FREDERICK M. VOGEL.

Witnesses:

ANNIE R. NUGENT, CHARL'Es S. Mars.

